Rehearsal
Run the pipeline for real, except the steps that send, post or write outside it. Those report the exact message they would have sent, and the run carries on.
Fire drill
Each step that depends on an outside service is made to fail, once briefly and once completely. No provider is called, so a drill costs nothing.
Human approval
A step that stops the run until a person approves, edits or rejects. They decide in the inbox, or from an emailed link without an account.
Replay
Change one step and run again from there. Earlier steps keep the results they already produced, so you do not pay for them twice.
Shadow runs
Try a new version on real traffic. It runs beside the live one as a rehearsal, and callers only ever get the live answer. Then promote it or roll back.
Evidence receipts
An answer from a deployed pipeline can carry a signed receipt: which steps ran, which model, which path. Each step is chained to the one before; change anything and it no longer verifies.